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Careersβ€ΊRolesβ€ΊResearch Scientist
Mid-Level

Research Scientist

Pushing the boundaries of what's known β€” designing experiments, developing theories, and publishing findings that advance a field of study.

Career Level
Junior
Mid
Senior
Director
VP
Executive
Work Personality
I
C
R
A
S
E
Investigativeanalytical, curious
Conventionalorganizing, detail-oriented
Based on Holland Code framework
Industries that often hire Research Scientists
Agriculture & ForestryConstructionEntertainment & MediaRetailReal EstateHospitality & Food Service
Job markets for Research Scientists
Where Research Scientist jobs concentrate Β· ~400 metro areas
Based on employment in related occupations
Mapped SOC categories:
ScienceEngineeringTechnology
BLS Occupational Employment Statistics
Jump to:What it's likeCareer pathsBy the numbers
What it's like

What it's like to be a Research Scientist

As a Research Scientist, you're conducting original research to advance knowledge in your field. This involves formulating research questions, designing experiments, collecting and analyzing data, developing theories or models, and communicating findings through publications and presentations. In technology organizations, this often means working on problems that are one to five years from commercial application β€” fundamental enough to require rigorous research, applied enough to have eventual business relevance.

Your day involves reading literature, designing and running experiments, analyzing results, writing papers, attending seminars, and collaborating with other researchers. The intellectual freedom is greater than most engineering roles β€” you have more latitude to pursue questions that interest you, especially in academic or well-funded research labs.

The challenge is producing meaningful results in an inherently uncertain endeavor. Not every experiment works. Not every hypothesis holds. The people who thrive in research handle the ambiguity of not knowing whether months of work will produce results, find genuine pleasure in the process of investigation, and maintain momentum through setbacks.

What people in this role value
AchievementAbove avg
IndependenceAbove avg
RecognitionAbove avg
Working ConditionsAbove avg
SupportLower
RelationshipsLower
O*NET Work Values survey
Role Profile
StrategyExecution
StructuredAdaptable
ManagingContributing
CollaborativeIndependent
Things that vary from job to job as a Research Scientist
Domain focusAcademic vs industryBasic vs appliedFunding modelTeam structure
Research scientist roles vary enormously. **Academic positions** offer intellectual freedom but come with grant-writing pressure, teaching obligations, and funding uncertainty. **Industry research labs** (at large tech companies, for example) provide resources and stability but may constrain research direction to commercially relevant areas. The **basic vs applied research** spectrum also matters β€” fundamental research has longer timelines but potentially greater impact, while applied research has more immediate deliverables.

Is Research Scientist right for you?

An honest look at who tends to thrive in this role β€” and who might find it challenging.

This role tends to work well for...
Deeply curious people who are motivated by understanding
The core motivation in research is wanting to know β€” if genuine intellectual curiosity drives you, the ups and downs of research feel purposeful.
Independent thinkers comfortable with long timelines
Research projects can span months or years, and maintaining focus and motivation over those timelines requires self-direction.
People who enjoy the process of rigorous investigation
If you find the methodology β€” experimental design, data analysis, peer review β€” satisfying in itself, not just the results, you'll handle the uncertainty better.
Strong communicators who can present complex ideas clearly
Publishing papers, giving talks, and securing funding all require the ability to communicate research effectively.
This role tends to create friction for...
People who need predictable, measurable progress
Research involves dead ends, failed experiments, and long periods without clear results β€” if you need steady forward progress, it's stressful.
Those who want direct commercial impact from their work
Research results often take years to reach application β€” if you want to see your work used immediately, engineering roles are more satisfying.
People uncomfortable with criticism and peer review
Having your work scrutinized by peers is fundamental to the research process β€” you need to separate your ego from your work.
Those who need high compensation early in their career
Research scientist compensation, especially in academia, often lags behind industry engineering roles at the same experience level.
✦ Editorial β€” written by Truest from industry research and career patterns
Career Paths

Where this role sits in the broader career landscape β€” and where it can take you.

Earning potential across this track
$239K$179K$119K$60K$0KLower paying387 metro areas, sorted by salary level
All experience levels1
This level's estimated range
INDUSTRIES PAYING ABOVE AVERAGE
Professional Services$92K+15%
Technology & Information$91K+13%
Energy & Utilities$82K+2%
Financial Services$81K+2%
Wholesale & Distribution$79K-1%
Compared to Science average across all industries
1 BLS OEWS May 2024 covers all Research Scientists (SOC 15-1221.00, 15-2021.00, 15-2031.00, 15-2041.01, 15-2051.00, 15-2099.01, 17-3026.01, 19-1011.00, 19-1012.00, 19-1013.00, 19-1023.00, 19-1029.01, 19-1029.02, 19-1029.03, 19-1029.04, 19-1042.00, 19-2012.00, 19-2031.00, 19-2032.00, 19-2041.03, 19-2099.01, 19-3022.00, 19-3032.00, 19-3041.00, 19-4061.00), not just this title Β· BEA RPP 2023
* Top salaries exceed this figure. BLS caps reported wages at ~$240K to protect individual privacy in high-earning roles.
Related rolesExplore Science β†’
Research ScientistResearch EngineerBusiness AnalystBusiness Operations AnalystManagement ConsultantManagement ScientistBusiness Management ConsultantHealth Information Management Business Analyst (HIM Business Analyst)Research AnalystResearch and Development Specialist (R and D Specialist)Research AssociateMachine Learning ScientistResearch TechnicianData ScientistData Analytic ScientistData Analytics ScientistMarketing Data ScientistData Management ScientistMachine Learning Data ScientistResearch AssistantResearch InterviewerMarket Research InterviewerQuantitative Research AnalystQuantitative Strategy AnalystBioinformatics Research Scientist+1 more
Also appears in: Engineering, Technology
Exploring the Research Scientist career path? Truest helps you figure out if it's the right fit β€” and plan your path forward.
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What it takes to advance
1
Grant writing and funding acquisition
Especially in academic settings, the ability to secure funding is essential for sustaining a research program.
2
Publication and peer review
Building a strong publication record is the primary currency of research careers.
3
Mentoring and collaboration
Senior research roles involve guiding junior researchers and building collaborative networks.
Lateral Moves
Applied Scientist
If you want to apply research skills directly to product development
Technical Lead
If you want to translate research expertise into engineering leadership
Research Director β†’
If you want to shape research strategy and lead research teams
Questions you might ask when interviewing
What research areas is the team currently focused on?
What is the balance between basic and applied research?
How is research direction set β€” is there individual freedom to pursue questions?
What publication and conference expectations exist?
What research infrastructure and resources are available?
How does the organization fund research β€” grants, internal budget, or a mix?
✦ Editorial β€” career progression and interview guidance based on industry patterns
The Broader Landscape

Roles like this one sit within a broader occupational category. The numbers below reflect that full landscape β€” helpful for context, but your specific experience will depend on level, specialty, and where you work.

$36K–$236K
Salary Range
10th – 90th percentile
1.2M
U.S. Employment
+5.96%
10yr Growth
104K
Annual Openings

How Research Scientist pay & employment are changing

$77K$74K$71K$68K$65K201920202021202220232024$65K$77K
BLS OEWS May 2024 Β· BLS Employment Projections 2024–2034

Skills & Requirements

MathematicsScienceMathematicsScienceScienceMathematicsReading ComprehensionActive ListeningReading ComprehensionSpeaking
O*NET OnLine Β· Bureau of Labor Statistics
Mapped SOC Codes
15-1221.0015-2021.0015-2031.0015-2041.0115-2051.0015-2099.0117-3026.0119-1011.0019-1012.0019-1013.0019-1023.0019-1029.0119-1029.0219-1029.0319-1029.0419-1042.0019-2012.0019-2031.0019-2032.0019-2041.0319-2099.0119-3022.0019-3032.0019-3041.0019-4061.00

Explore related roles

Roles with similar work and overlapping career paths

seniorSenior Research Scientist$95KmidResearch Engineer$114KmidBusiness Analyst$102KmidBusiness Operations Analyst$96KmidManagement Consultant$106KmidManagement Scientist$101K
View all Science roles β†’

Common questions about what it's like to be a Research Scientist

What does a Research Scientist do?

Pushing the boundaries of what's known β€” designing experiments, developing theories, and publishing findings that advance a field of study.

How much does a Research Scientist make?

Median pay for a Research Scientist is about $95K nationally, with the field ranging roughly from $36K to $236K depending on experience, employer, and metro (BLS).

What skills does a Research Scientist need?

Core skills for this role include Mathematics, Science, Mathematics, Science, and Science.

What education do you need to be a Research Scientist?

Most people in this role hold a bachelor's degree.

Is a Research Scientist in demand?

Employment in this field is projected to grow about 5.96% through 2034, with roughly 1.2 million people working in it today (BLS).

What jobs are similar to a Research Scientist?

Closely related roles include Senior Research Scientist, Research Engineer, and Business Analyst.

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Federal data: BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics (May 2024) Β· BLS Employment Projections Β· O*NET OnLine
Truest editorial: Fit check, role profile, things that vary, advancement analysis, lateral moves, interview questions.