Research & Development Careers
Research and development performs scientific and technical research, often contracted from larger organizations. Hybrid work possible with high credential requirements.
Jobs per 100K workforce — measures industry density
Research and development creates new products, technologies, and knowledge — there's satisfaction in discovery, pushing boundaries, and work that shapes what's next. Many find meaning in innovation and intellectual exploration.
The challenge can come from uncertainty and long timelines. R&D doesn't guarantee results; projects fail. Timelines are often longer than business wants. Funding can be cut when companies face pressure. Translating research to products requires different skills.
The field varies by industry and stage. Pharmaceutical R&D differs from tech, materials, or consumer products. Basic research differs from applied or development. Corporate labs operate differently than universities, startups, or government labs.
For those who thrive here, the rewards are substantial: intellectual discovery, working on the new, contributing to advancement, and research-focused careers. If you're driven by innovation, patient with uncertainty, and want careers at the frontier, R&D offers exceptional opportunities.
Advanced degrees (MS, PhD) are typical for research positions. Lab and research experience is essential. Publication record matters for academic paths. Technical expertise drives career development.
Common roles in Research & Development
A curated look at the roles that shape Research & Development — from accessible ways in to senior destinations.
Median salaries range from ~$70K in mid-market metros to ~$102K in top-tier cities. But cost of living closes a lot of that gap — metros with lower regional price parities often offer the best purchasing power.
What the data says about this sector
Beyond salary and job counts — signals that shape the day-to-day experience of working in Research & Development.
Small
<5010%
Mid
50–2493%
Large
250+
Career tracks in Research & Development
How jobs in this sector break down by function, and what they typically pay.
Other sectors within Professional Services.
Common questions about Research & Development careers
What kinds of roles exist in Research & Development?
R&D employs research assistants and postdoctoral associates at entry levels, along with research scientists, research engineers, biochemists, and clinical researchers doing hands-on scientific work. Coordinators and project managers handle operations, while research managers, engineering directors, and senior scientists lead programs and teams.
How many people work in Research & Development?
Research and development employs approximately 860,330 workers across the country, spanning life sciences, physical sciences, engineering, clinical research, and environmental fields.
What does pay look like in R&D?
The median annual salary in research and development is around $92,410, reflecting the advanced education and specialized expertise most roles require. Entry-level research assistant and postdoctoral positions typically earn below the median, while senior scientists, research directors, and engineering leaders earn well above it.
Is there turnover in Research & Development?
The monthly quit rate is around 2.40%. Research roles tend to have moderate turnover — many scientists stay for multi-year projects, though postdoctoral and contract research positions often lead to movement between institutions or into industry.
What are common ways to enter Research & Development?
Most people enter through research assistant, postdoctoral associate, or field technician roles, typically requiring a bachelor's or advanced degree in a relevant science or engineering field. Clinical research coordinators are another accessible entry point. Advanced research and leadership roles generally require a PhD or significant applied experience.
Find where you fit in Research & Development
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